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Fundamentals, connections and what studies support — with a clear marker of how well established each statement is.

Understanding metabolic health
Illustration: Alcohol & blood sugar: why the value often falls later

Alcohol & blood sugar: why the value often falls later

Alcohol affects blood sugar two ways: it can lower it (delayed, even overnight) via the liver, while sweet drinks raise it. What…

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Illustration: When stress raises blood sugar: values climb – with no food at all

When stress raises blood sugar: values climb – with no food at all

Stress raises blood sugar via cortisol and adrenaline - even without food. The three mechanisms, acute vs. chronic, and what helps counter…

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Illustration: Sleep & blood sugar: how your nights steer your metabolism

Sleep & blood sugar: how your nights steer your metabolism

Too little sleep measurably worsens insulin sensitivity - via cortisol, inflammation and hunger hormones. How much you need, plus sleep apnoea.

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Illustration: Sugar substitutes at a glance: which raises blood sugar – and which doesn’t?

Sugar substitutes at a glance: which raises blood sugar – and which doesn’t?

The common sugar alcohols compared: erythritol (no effect), xylitol (small effect, tooth-friendly) and maltitol (GI 35) - and which raises blood sugar.

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Illustration: Sweeteners & sugar alcohols: sweetening with little blood-sugar effect

Sweeteners & sugar alcohols: sweetening with little blood-sugar effect

Sweeteners vs. sugar alcohols: which barely raise blood sugar, what's known about erythritol, xylitol and stevia, and the open questions - honestly…

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Illustration: Fats & metabolism: the late spike – and why quality matters

Fats & metabolism: the late spike – and why quality matters

Fat barely raises blood sugar directly but slows absorption - a flatter, later, longer curve. Why fat quality matters most, backed by…

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Illustration: Protein & blood sugar: the calm building block on your plate

Protein & blood sugar: the calm building block on your plate

Protein has the least direct effect on blood sugar of the three macros. Why it usually stays calm, can dampen the spike…

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Illustration: Carbohydrates & blood sugar: it’s not the amount alone

Carbohydrates & blood sugar: it’s not the amount alone

How carbohydrates affect blood sugar: the three types, glycaemic index vs. glycaemic load, and what actually counts in practice. Clearly explained.

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Illustration: Blood sugar after eating: what’s normal and what drives the spike

Blood sugar after eating: what’s normal and what drives the spike

What blood sugar after eating (postprandial) should be, what determines the spike and why repeated high spikes matter - clearly explained with…

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Illustration: Fasting blood sugar & the dawn phenomenon: why the value rises in the morning

Fasting blood sugar & the dawn phenomenon: why the value rises in the morning

What fasting blood sugar values mean, why it rises in the morning (the dawn phenomenon) and how to tell it apart from…

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